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OTO Bylaws [Introduction]

To: thelema93-l@hollyfeld.org
From: "AShTON VQ'QL" 
Subject: OTO Bylaws [Introduction]
Date: Wed, 21 Apr 1999 20:39:03 -0700 (MST)

Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law.

The following series of emails under the Subject Heading of "OTO Bylaws" have
been put together using the OTO Bylaws from 1991ev.  They are being posted to
this list in order to clarify certain matters being discussed.  

Since 1991ev there have been numerous ammendments to the OTO Bylaws, most of
them, I believe, being made note of in the OTO's official publication: The
Magical Link.

Even though this email series (Parts 1 through 4)  is not fully up to date, I
feel that the general gist of the OTO Bylaws (in mood and mentality) can be
grasped by this basal document and that it will serve the purpose of decreasing
the misunderstanding of terms that sometimes occurs on this list in regard of
OTO Policy, Structure, Report, and Conflict Resolution.

Love is the law, love under will.

Frater AShTON VQ'QL
Hawk Headed Mystical Lord Encampment

========================================================================

To: thelema93-l@hollyfeld.org
From: Bill Heidrick 
Subject: Re: OTO Bylaws [Introduction]
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 1999 06:20:16 -0700

93,

"AShTON VQ'QL"  wrote:

>Since 1991ev there have been numerous ammendments to the OTO Bylaws, most of
>them, I believe, being made note of in the OTO's official publication: The
>Magical Link.
>
>Even though this email series (Parts 1 through 4)  is not fully up to date, I
>feel that the general gist of the OTO Bylaws (in mood and mentality) can be
>grasped

In general, yes, but in practical terms, no.  The Bylaws of 1991 e.v. date
from before splitting off the USOTO from the international OTO.  The 1991
e.v. Bylaws were significantly amended to produce those of the present
international organization and the USOTO Bylaws are naturally different in
as much as a national body is not the paramont international body.

Succession is pretty much as given here, for OHO; but there are 
differences in procedures for removal.

93 93/93
Bill
To: thelema93-l@hollyfeld.org
From: "AShTON VQ'QL" 
Subject: OTO Bylaws [Part 1 of 4]
Date: Wed, 21 Apr 1999 20:39:12 -0700 (MST)

[Begin OTO Bylaws Part 1 of 4]

BYLAWS
of the
ORDO TEMPLI ORIENTIS
that is in the
UNITED STATES
of
AMERICA
(with International Provisions)
Amended 7/1/89 e.v. and 4/6/91 e.v.

[OTO Bylaws Part 1 of 4]

Article 0
Preamble
Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law.
Peace, Tolerance, Truth; Salutation on All Points of the
Triangle; Respect to The Order. To All Whom it May Concern:
Greeting & Health.
The Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.) is a serious and secret
religious order, pledged to the high purpose of securing the
Liberty of the Individual and his or her advancement in
Light, Wisdom, Understanding, Knowledge, and Power through
Beauty, Courage, and Wit, on the Foundation of Universal
Brotherhood.
It is a body of Initiates in whose hands are concentrated
the wisdom and secret knowledge of all Oriental Orders, and
is the first of the Great Orders of antiquity to accept the
Law of the New 'on emanating from the A.'.A.'., which is: Do
what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law, reorganizing
in accordance therewith.
The letters O.T.O. represent the words Ordo Templi Orientis
(Order of the Temple of the Orient, or Ancient Order of
Oriental Templars). The letters O.T.O. have also a secret
meaning for initiates.
The aims of the O.T.O. can only be understood fully by its
highest initiates; but it may be said openly that it teaches
Hermetic Science or Occult Knowledge, the Pure and Holy
Magick of Light, the Secrets of Mystic Attainment, Yoga of
all forms, Gnana Yoga, Raja Yoga, Bhakta Yoga, Tantric Yoga,
and Hatha Yoga, and all other branches of the secret Wisdom
of the Ancients.
In its bosom repose the Great Mysteries; its brain has
resolved all the problems of philosophy and life.
It possesses the secret of the Stone of the Wise, of the
Elixir of Immortality, and of the Universal Medicine.
Moreover, it possesses a Secret capable of realizing the
world-old dream of the Brotherhood of Man.
Love is the law, love under will.


Article I
Offices

Section 1.01. Principal Office.
The principal office of the O.T.O. for the United States of
America, for the transaction of its business, shall be known
as the Grand Lodge of Ordo Templi Orientis for the United
States, and shall be located in such place within or without
the State of California as may be designated by the National
Supreme Council.

Section 1.02. Other Offices.
The O.T.O. may also have offices at such other places within
or without the United States of America where it is
qualified to do business, as its business may require, and
as the National Supreme Council or its duly authorized
Governing Body or agent may from time to time designate.

Section 1.03. Types of Offices.
A. The O.T.O. has four principal types of office:
     i.   Initiate and Advisory, pursuant to Article IV;
     ii.  Governing, pursuant to Article V;
     iii. Administrative, pursuant to Article VI; and
     iv.  Ecclesiastical, pursuant to Article IX.
B. The O.T.O. may also have such types and kinds of offices
as the National Supreme Council or its duly authorized
Governing Body or agent may from time to time designate.

Article II
Members

Section 2.01. Classes of Membership.
A. The Ordo Templi Orientis has several classes and sub-
classes of membership. There are five principal classes:
     i.   Associate members: Associate members are non-
Ecclesiastical, non-Initiate and non-Governing members, and
are also referred to as corresponding members.
     ii.  Initiate membership: Initiate members hold one or
more sub-classes of Initiate membership (``degrees''), and
have the titles, eligibilities, privileges and duties
appropriate to the degree of Initiate class membership they
hold as set forth in this Article II and as set forth from
time to time by the National Supreme Council or its duly
authorized Governing Body.
     iii. Governing members: Governing members are Initiate
class members who have met any eligibility prerequisites and
are appointed, elected or confirmed to Governing bodies as
set forth in this Article II and in Articles III, IV and VI.
     iv.  Ecclesiastical membership: Ecclesiastical (or
Church) members hold non-initiate membership in the Ecclesia
Gnostica Catholica (Gnostic Catholic Church) of the O.T.O.,
pursuant to Article IX.
     v.   Administrative members hold Administrative
positions within the O.T.O. pursuant to Article VI.
B. Certain classes of membership are comprised of one or
more sub-classes of membership, as set forth in Sections
2.02 and 2.03.

Section 2.02. The Initiate and Governing Classes of
Membership.
A. The Initiate class degrees of membership in the O.T.O.
from the degrees of Minerval (0ø) through Prince of the
Royal Secret, are known collectively as the Mysteria Mystica
Maxima (M.'.M.'.M.'.).
B. The Initiate and Governing classes of membership in the
O.T.O. are organized into three Triads (hereinafter referred
to as Grades): the Men of Earth, the Lovers, and the
Hermits. Each Grade has the classes and sub-classes (or
degrees) of membership outlined below.
     i.   The Man of Earth Grade: Consists of the
preliminary Initiate class degrees from 0ø (Minerval) to
Perfect Initiate inclusive.
     a.   0ø (Zero Degree). Minerval;
     b.   Iø (First Degree). Man;
     c.   IIø (Second Degree). Magician;
     d.   IIIø (Third Degree). Master Magician;
     e.   IVø (Fourth Degree). Perfect Magician; and
     f.   Perfect Initiate.
Members of these Initiate degrees take no share in the
government of the Order.
     ii.  Knight of East and West: This Initiate degree is a
bridge between the Man of Earth Grade and the Lovers Grade.
     iii. The Lovers Grade: Consists of members of both the
Initiate and Governing classes. The sub-classes of
membership are the degrees from Fifth Degree (Vø) to Member
of the Supreme Grand Council, inclusive, as set forth below:
     a.   Vø (Fifth Degree). Sovereign Prince of Rose Croix
(Knight of the Pelican and Eagle);
     b.   Member of the Senate of Knight Hermetic
Philosophers, Knights of the Red Eagle.
     c.   Member of the Electoral College.
     d.   VIø (Sixth Degree). Illustrious Knight (Templar)
of the Order of Kadosch, and Companion of the Holy Graal.
     e.   Member of the Grand Tribunal (Grand Inquisitor
Commander).
     f.   Prince of the Royal Secret (or Knight of the Royal
Mystery).
     g.   VIIø (Seventh Degree). Very Illustrious Sovereign
Grand Inspector General.
     h.   Member of the Supreme Grand Council.
Of the foregoing sub-classes, (a), (b) and (d-g) are
Initiate class degrees, and sub-classes (c), (e) and (h) are
Governing class degrees.
     iv.  The Hermit Grade: Consists of members of both the
Initiate and Governing classes. The sub-classes of
membership consist of the degrees from VIIIø to Xø National
Grand Master General, inclusive, as set forth below:
     a.   VIIIø (Eighth Degree). Perfect Pontiff of the
Illuminati.
     b.   Perfect Epopt of the Secret Areopagus of the
VIIIø.
     c.   IXø (Ninth Degree). Initiate of the Sovereign
Sanctuary of the Gnosis.
     d.   Revolutionary.
     e. Deputy National Grand Master General.
     f. Xø (Tenth Degree). National Grand Master General,
Rex Summus Sanctissimus (Supreme and Most Holy King) or
Regina Summa Sanctissima (Supreme and Most Holy Queen).
All of the foregoing sub-classes are Initiate class degrees.
Sub-class (b) is additionally a Governing class degree,
pursuant to Article V, and sub-classes (e) and (f) are
Administrative class degrees, pursuant to Article VI.
     v.   All members of an Initiate Degree hold all
Initiate class degrees from Minerval (0ø) through the
highest Initiate class degree held by them, inclusive.

Section 2.03. The Ecclesiastical Class of Membership.
The Ecclesiastical class of membership and its sub-classes
are described separately in Article IX.

Section 2.04. Members' Rights.
No member of the O.T.O. shall hold more than one (1)
membership. However, a member may hold more than one class
or sub-class of membership. No member shall have property
rights in this corporation. Every member is entitled to the
sign(s), grip, and pass-word(s) of their degree of Initiate
membership together with such other benefits as the National
Grand Master General Xø, the National Supreme Council or the
appropriate Governing Body may from time to time designate.

Section 2.05. Qualifications.
A. The National Grand Master General, or the appropriate
Administrative or Governing Body pursuant to Articles III,
V, VI or IX, shall from time to time designate the
qualifications, if any, for membership, and the
qualifications, if any, for the various classes or sub-
classes of membership.
B. There are certain special financial obligations
pertaining to membership in the Electoral College and all
higher degrees.

Section 2.06. Duties.
The duties of members in the O.T.O. in its various classes
of membership shall be determined by the National Grand
Master General, or the appropriate Governing Body pursuant
to Articles V, VI, VII or IX, who may from time to time
designate any additional duties in each class or sub-class
of membership.

Section 2.07. Privileges.
The privileges of members in the O.T.O. in its various
classes of membership shall be determined by the National
Grand Master General, or the appropriate Governing Body
pursuant to Articles V, VI, VII or IX, who may from time to
time designate any additional privileges in each class or
sub-class of membership.

Section 2.08. Admission.
The National Grand Master General, or the appropriate
Governing Body pursuant to Articles V, VI and IX, may from
time to time designate the procedures for admission into the
O.T.O., and the procedures for advancement in the various
classes and sub-classes of membership, subject to the
approval of the National Supreme Council.

Section 2.09. Dues.
The annual dues, if any, payable to the O.T.O. by members of
each class or sub-class, shall be in such amounts as may be
designated from time to time by the National Supreme
Council. The manner of collection and the manner of
assessment may be designated from time to time by the
National Supreme Council.

Section 2.10. Fees and Assessments.
A. The National Supreme Council shall from time to time levy
initiation fees and other assessments upon members,
determine the amount of such fees and assessments, if any,
and the manner of collection.
B. Pursuant to Articles III, VI and XIII, the Grand
Treasurer General may form a Finance Committee composed of
the Grand Treasurer General, with a representative from the
Electoral College, Grand Tribunal, Supreme Grand Council and
the Secret Areopagus of the VIIIø, with authority to levy
additional fees and assessments, subject to the approval of
the National Supreme Council.

Section 2.11. Certificates.
The National Supreme Council may from time to time designate
the certificates evidencing membership, and the various
classes and sub-classes of membership as set forth in
Sections 2.01, 2.02 and 2.03, and in Article IX. The form,
size, and contents of the certificate in all other respects
may be determined from time to time by the Grand Secretary
General.

Section 2.12. Number of Members.
A. There shall be no limit on the number of members the
United States Grand Lodge of the O.T.O. may admit, nor shall
there be a limit on the number of members in any class or
sub-class of membership, with the following exceptions:
     i.   Electoral College (11 members maximum);
     ii.  Revolutionaries (2 members);
     iii. Deputy National Grand Master General (1 member);
     iv.  Xø National Grand Master General (1 member); and
     v.   Father (or Mother) of the Ecclesia Gnostica
Catholica (1 member).
B. The numbers of members in any Initiate class of
membership that automatically confers a Governing class
membership shall be decided from time to time by the
National Grand Master General. These degrees specifically
include, but are not limited to, the degrees of Grand
Inquisitor Commander (Member of the Grand Tribunal), and the
Perfect Epopt of the VIIIø (Member of the Secret Areopagus).

Section 2.13. Membership Book.
The O.T.O. shall keep a membership book containing the name,
address (if known), membership class, degree, and history of
each member. Termination of the membership of any member
shall be recorded in the book, together with the date on
which such membership ceased. Such book shall be kept at the
O.T.O.'s principal office and, notwithstanding any other
provision of these Bylaws, shall not be available for
inspection by any person, whether or not a member, officer,
or Director of this corporation except as required by law
and except for those members authorized to have access to
the book by the National Supreme Council. For purposes of
these Bylaws, ``membership book'' shall be construed to mean
a physical paper copy and/or electromagnetic and/or optical
media.

Section 2.14. Nonliability of Members.
No member of this corporation shall be personally liable for
the debts, liabilities, or obligations of the corporation.

Section 2.15. Transferability of Membership.
Membership in the O.T.O. is nontransferable and
nonassignable.

Section 2.16. Resignation.
The membership of any member of the O.T.O. shall
automatically terminate on his or her request for such
termination delivered to the Grand Secretary General of the
O.T.O. personally, or by United States mail, such membership
to terminate when the request is delivered personally or
deposited in the United States mail.

Section 2.17. Death.
Upon the death of any member, his or her active membership
shall cease, and the obligation to pay dues, assessments, or
other charges theretofore accrued and unpaid shall also
cease. The name of the member will be retained in the
membership book with an annotation of the date of death.

Section 2.18. Suspension and Expulsion.
A. Any member of the O.T.O. may be placed on ``bad report'',
censured, fined, suspended, subject to reasonable equitable
sanction, or expelled from the Order for ``good cause'',
provided he or she is served with notice of the proceedings
against him and an opportunity to be heard in his or own
defense. The judicial and appellate bodies responsible for
deciding such actions are set forth in Articles III, V and
VI.
B. Any suspension must be reported to the National Supreme
Council. The National Supreme Council's joint and several
responsibilities and procedures in the matter of suspension
and expulsion are set forth in Articles III, VI and VII.
C. In the case of emergency, in the unanimous opinion of the
National Supreme Council, any member may be suspended
without prior notice provided written notice is promptly
served, pursuant to Article VI.
D. Any expulsion must be carried out by authority of the
National Grand Master General.
E. Notwithstanding any of the above, no member can be
suspended or expelled while he or she is serving as a Grand
Officer on the National Supreme Council and Director of the
corporation.

Section 2.19. Good Cause.
``Good cause'' as used herein requires that the member:
A. Have failed and continues to fail to abide by the
Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws of the O.T.O. or with
the Rules and Regulations of the National Supreme Council or
its duly authorized Governing Body or agent; or
B. have committed or is in the course of committing some act
or acts greatly prejudicial to the purposes of the O.T.O.;
or
C) have failed and continues to fail to pay any dues, fees,
or other assessments imposed by the National Supreme Council
or its duly authorized Governing Body or agent.

Section 2.20. Rights on Termination.
Any rights of a member in the O.T.O. or in its property
shall cease on termination of membership as hereinabove
provided.

Section 2.21. Rights on Suspension.
The National Supreme Council or its duly authorized
Governing Body or agent shall specifically set forth those
rights which are suspended in any proceeding under Section
2.18, and shall also state the duration of said suspension.

Section 2.22. Reinstatement.
The National Supreme Council or its duly authorized
Governing Body or agent shall from time to time designate
the terms and procedure(s), if any, by which a member
terminated under Section 2.18, may or may not have his or
her membership reinstated.

Section 2.23. Creation or Modification of Classes or Sub-
classes of Membership.
The National Supreme Council may create new classes of
membership, and may modify sub-classes within the Associate,
Governing and Administrative classes of membership. But, the
National Supreme Council shall have no authority to modify
sub-classes within the Initiate or Ecclesiastical classes of
membership, authority for which modifications rests solely
with the National Grand Master General, and with the Outer
Head of the Order (O.H.O.) as defined in Article XII.

Section 2.24. Membership on One or More Governing Bodies.
Except as specifically allowed by the National Grand Master
General Xø, no Initiate member may serve on more than one
Governing Body of the O.T.O. (which term does not include
the Administrative class of membership, pursuant to Article
VI). Exceptions may be made by the National Grand Master
General Xø for purposes of maintaining the necessary
Initiate membership in any Governing Body for said Governing
Body to function. Initiate members serving on two Governing
Bodies by special exception of the Xø may be removed, with
or without prejudice, from either Governing Body upon
written notice from the Xø. This regulation applies to
appointive Governing Bodies, as well as those Governing
Bodies where members of a particular Initiate class degree
automatically hold a right to a voting seat, including, but
not limited to, the Electoral College, Grand Tribunal,
Supreme Grand Council and the Secret Areopagus of the VIIIø.

Article III
Officers

Section 3.01. Number and Titles.
A. The Officers of the O.T.O. in the United States shall be
a National Grand Master General, a Grand Secretary General,
and a Grand Treasurer General, known collectively as the
Grand Officers of the United States Grand Lodge, or National
Supreme Council.
B. The National Supreme Council's power, authorities and
procedures are described in Article VI.
C. The Grand Officers of the National Supreme Council are
the Directors of the Corporation, pursuant to Article VI.
D. Additionally, the National Grand Master General shall
appoint a Deputy National Grand Master General, pursuant to
Section 3.07.
E. The O.T.O. may also have, at the discretion of the
National Supreme Council, one or more Assistant Secretaries,
one or more Assistant Treasurers, and such other Officers as
may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of
Sections 3.04, 3.09 and 3.11 of this article. One person may
hold two or more offices, except that no person may hold two
or more of the following:
     i.   National Grand Master General
     ii.  Grand Secretary General
     iii. Grand Treasurer General
     iv.  Deputy National Grand Master General

Section 3.02. Appointment of Grand Officers.
The National Grand Master General holds the Tenth Degree
(Xø). He or she is appointed for life by the Outer Head of
the Order (O.H.O.). The National Grand Master General shall
appoint a Grand Secretary General and a Grand Treasurer
General pursuant to the provisions of this Article III, and
of Article VI.

Section 3.03. Removal of Grand Officers.
The National Grand Master General (but not the Deputy
National Grand Master General acting in any capacity) may
remove the Grand Secretary General, the Grand Treasurer
General, and the Deputy National Grand Master General, at
will, pursuant to this Article III and Article VI. The
removal of a Grand Officer may be verbal, and shall take
effect immediately upon the order of the National Grand
Master General, provided that written confirmation is given
from the National Grand Master General to the Grand Officer
so removed within 48 hours. The National Grand Master
General shall appoint a new Grand Officer within forty-eight
hours of the removal of a Grand Officer. The National Grand
Master General may be removed by the O.H.O. pursuant to this
Article III, Article VI and Article XII.

Section 3.04. Subordinate Officers.
The National Supreme Council may appoint such other officers
or agents as it may deem desirable, and such officers shall
serve such terms, have such authority, and perform such
duties as may be prescribed from time to time by the
National Supreme Council. Any subordinate officer may be
removed by the National Supreme Council by majority action,
either with or without cause, and such subordinate officer
shall be removed should he or she cease to be qualified for
the office.

Section 3.05. Resignation of Officers.
Any Grand Officer or Subordinate Officer may resign at any
time by serving written notice on the National Supreme
Council, National Grand Master General or Grand Secretary
General of the O.T.O., provided however that the National
Grand Master General must also give notice to the O.H.O. Any
such resignation shall take effect on the date of receipt of
such notice or at any other time specified therein. The
acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to
make it effective.

Section 3.06. Duties of National Grand Master General
A. The National Grand Master General conveys the initiatory
authority of the O.H.O. to initiate or appoint upon his own
recognizance all the initiate or Governing classes and sub-
classes of membership ranging from Minerval (Oø) to Ninth
Degree (IXø). This initiatory authority of the Xø is limited
to the United States, unless specifically extended by the
O.H.O. The Xø shall further delegate the O.H.O.'s authority
to initiate, pursuant to Article VII. As the O.H.O.'s
personal envoy to members of the VIIIø Secret Areopagus and
IXø Sovereign Sanctuary in the United States, the Xø acts as
the governor of these Hermit degrees and facilitates the
preservation and extension of the Sovereign Sanctuary of the
Gnosis by maintaining their privacy, filing research results
in the U.S. and International Sovereign Sanctuary archives,
and endeavoring to establish retreats and Abbeys.
B. As the chief executive officer, the Xø for the United
States has ultimate responsibility for all affairs of the
O.T.O. in the United States. The Xø has the right, but not
the obligation, to use or exercise in person or by proxy, a
voting seat on any Governing Body of the Order, and has
additionally the right to call meetings of such bodies.
C. The National Grand Master General shall in general
supervise and control the affairs of the O.T.O. He or she
shall perform all duties incident to his or her office and
such other duties as may be required by law, the
Constitution of the O.T.O., by the Articles of Incorporation
of this corporation, or by these Bylaws, or which may be
prescribed from time to time by the National Supreme
Council. He or she shall preside at all meetings of the
National Supreme Council, Secret Areopagus and Supreme Grand
Council if in attendance. Except as otherwise expressly
provided by law, he or she may, in the name of the O.T.O.,
execute such deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, checks, or
other instruments which may from time to time be authorized
by the National Supreme Council.
D. The National Grand Master General shall act as the
Archivist of the O.T.O., and may delegate his authority and
responsibility in this capacity.
E. The National Grand Master General is not approachable, as
such, by any member below the VIø, except at his or her
discretion.

Section 3.07. Deputy National Grand Master General.
A. The Xø shall appoint a Deputy National Grand Master
General from among those members of the Sovereign Sanctuary
of the Gnosis of the IXø resident in the United States. The
Deputy National Grand Master General shall assume the
maintenance of the administrative, but not the initiatory,
responsibilities of the Xø under the following conditions:
     i.   In the event of a scheduled retreat by the Xø from
the administrative duties of office exceeding 72 hours,
provided written notice is given to the Deputy National
Grand Master General by the Xø. Notification may include
specific delegations and special instructions for the
conduct of specific business. Upon receipt of written
acknowledgement, the Xø will promptly advise the National
Supreme Council, the Secret Areopagus and the Supreme Grand
Council; or
     ii.  During any absence of the Xø from the United
States, for the duration of the Xø's absence; or
     iii. During a vacancy or interregnum in the office of
Xø due to the death, removal or resignation of the Xø,
serving as regent until a successor Xø is appointed by the
O.H.O.; or
     iv.  During an extended period of disability and/or
hospitalization, upon notification in writing by the Xø; or
     v.   During an emergency period of disability and/or
hospitalization, upon written notification by the National
Supreme Council. In the event that the National Supreme
Council cannot make quorum, then by written notification by
the remaining Grand Officer. In the event that there are no
remaining Grand Officers, then by written notification by
any member of the U.S. Sovereign Sanctuary of the Gnosis of
the IXø.
B. The Deputy Grand Master General shall not have the power
to remove any appointed Officer on any Governing or
Administrative Body.

Section 3.08. Grand Secretary General.
A. The Xø shall appoint a Grand Secretary General from the
Initiate Membership of the O.T.O. The Grand Secretary
General shall:
     i.   Certify and keep at the principal office of the
O.T.O. the original, or a conformed copy of the Articles of
Incorporation and these Bylaws, as amended to date; and
     ii.  Keep at the principal office of the O.T.O. or at
such other place as the National Supreme Council may order,
a book of minutes of all meetings of the National Supreme
Council and of the Secret Areopagus, recording therein the
time and place of holding, whether regular or special, and
if special, how authorized, notice thereof given, the names
of those present at the meetings of Directors, the names and
numbers of members present or represented at meetings of the
Secret Areopagus, and the proceedings thereof; and
     iii. See that all notices are duly given in accordance
with the provisions of these Bylaws or as required by law;
and
     iv.  Be custodian of the records of the O.T.O.; and
     v.   Keep at the principal office of the O.T.O. a
membership book containing the name and address of each
member, and in any case where membership has been
terminated, he or she shall record such fact in the book
together with the date on which membership ceased; and
     vi.  Exhibit at all reasonable times to any person
authorized, or his or her agent or attorney, on request
therefor, the Bylaws, the membership book, and the minutes
of the proceedings of the Directors and of the members of
the O.T.O.; and
     vii. Keep the Golden Book of the United States O.T.O.,
in which are recorded the appointments, tenures, and service
records of all appointed officials and members of Governing
Bodies; and
     viii.     Act as chairman of the Publications Committee
of the O.T.O., with responsibility for intra-Order
communication in general, and for the member periodical(s)
in particular; and
     ix.  Collect, process and respond to all correspondence
addressed to the United States Grand Lodge of the O.T.O.,
forward as necessary correspondence to Assistant Secretaries
or other responsible officials for official reply, or
establish subsidiary official addresses for correspondence
with particular offices of the United States Grand Lodge,
pursuant to Article I; and
     x.   Negotiate and execute publication contracts on
behalf of the corporation under the direction of the
National Supreme Council and the Publications Committee of
the O.T.O.; and
     xi.  In general, perform all duties incident to the
office of Grand Secretary General and such other duties as
may be required by law, by the Articles of Incorporation of
the O.T.O., by these Bylaws, or by the Constitution of the
O.T.O., or which may be assigned to him or her from time to
time by the National Supreme Council; and
     xii. Preside over a Secretarial Committee comprised of
secretarial representatives from the Governing Bodies of the
O.T.O. These representatives may or may not be Assistant
Secretaries pursuant to Section 3.09.

Section 3.09. Duties of Assistant Secretaries.
A. Should the Grand Secretary General be absent from duty,
or unable or unwilling to perform the duties of the office,
an Assistant Secretary designated either verbally or in
writing by the National Grand Master General shall assume
the official functions of the office. Should the Grand
Secretary General take a planned absence from duty he or she
shall designate in writing an Assistant Secretary to assume
the responsibilities of the office for the duration of the
Grand Secretary General's absence. Written notification may
include any specific assignments, voting instructions or
other directions as may be deemed necessary by the Grand
Secretary General. The Assistant Secretaries shall perform
such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to
them by the Grand Secretary General or the National Supreme
Council.
B. Each Governing Body of the O.T.O. shall choose a
secretary. Upon establishing reporting procedures
satisfactory to the Grand Secretary General, such
secretaries may be designated Assistant Secretaries of the
O.T.O., and minutes of the meetings of the Governing Bodies
to which they are attached may become a part of the central
secretarial records of the O.T.O., subject to the procedures
and authority of the Grand Secretary General and the
National Supreme Council.

Section 3.10. Grand Treasurer General.
A. The Xø shall appoint a Grand Treasurer General from the
Initiate Membership of the O.T.O. Subject to the provisions
of Article XIII, the Grand Treasurer General shall:
     i.   Have charge and custody of, and be responsible
for, all funds and securities of the O.T.O., and deposit all
such funds in the name of the O.T.O. in such banks, trust
companies, or other depositories as shall be selected by the
National Supreme Council; and
     ii.  Receive, make proper record of, and issue receipt
for moneys due and payable to the O.T.O. from any source
whatsoever; and
     iii. Disburse or cause to be disbursed the funds of the
O.T.O. as may be directed by the National Supreme Council,
making proper accounting records for all disbursements; and
     iv.  Keep and maintain adequate and correct accounts of
the O.T.O.'s properties and business transactions, including
accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts,
disbursements, gains, and losses; and
     v.   Exhibit at all reasonable times the books of
account and financial records to any Director of the O.T.O.,
or to his agent or attorney, on request therefor; and
     vi.  Render to any Director, on demand, an account of
any or all transactions, and of the financial condition of
the O.T.O.; and
     vii. Prepare, provide and attest by signature to the
accuracy of quarterly and annual financial statements; and
     viii.     If required by the National Supreme Council,
give a bond for the faithful discharge of his or her duties
in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the National
Supreme Council may from time to time designate; and
     ix.  In general, perform all duties incident to the
office of Treasurer and such other duties as may be required
by law, by the Articles of Incorporation of the O.T.O., by
these Bylaws, or by the Constitution of the O.T.O., or which
may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the
National Supreme Council; and
     x.   Preside over a Finance Committee comprised of
treasury representatives from each of the Governing Bodies
of the O.T.O. These representatives may or may not be
Assistant Treasurers pursuant to Section 3.11.

Section 3.11. Duties of Assistant Treasurers.
A. Should the Grand Treasurer General be absent from duty,
or unable or unwilling to perform the duties the of office,
an Assistant Treasurer designated either verbally or in
writing by the National Grand Master General shall assume
the official functions of the office. Should the Grand
Treasurer General take a planned absence from duty he or she
shall designate in writing an Assistant Treasurer to assume
the responsibilities of the office for the duration of the
Grand Treasurer General's absence. Written notification may
include any specific assignments, voting instructions or
other directions as may be deemed necessary by the Grand
Treasurer General. The Assistant Treasurers shall perform
such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to
them by the Grand Treasurer General or the National Supreme
Council.
B. If required by the National Supreme Council, Assistant
Treasurers shall give a bond for the faithful discharge of
their duties in such sum and with such surety or sureties as
the National Supreme Council shall determine. They shall, in
general, perform such duties as shall be assigned to them,
from time to time, by the Grand Treasurer General or by the
National Supreme Council.
C. Each Governing Body of the O.T.O. shall choose a
treasurer. Upon establishing reporting procedures
satisfactory to the Grand Treasurer General, such treasurers
may be designated Assistant Treasurers of the O.T.O., and
financial reports to the meetings of the Governing Bodies to
which they are attached may become a part of the central
corporate financial records of the O.T.O., subject to the
procedures and authority of the Grand Treasurer General and
the National Supreme Council.

[End OTO Bylaws Part 1 of 4]



=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

To: thelema93-l@hollyfeld.org
From: Bill Heidrick 
Subject: Re: OTO Bylaws [Introduction]
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 1999 06:20:16 -0700

93,

"AShTON VQ'QL"  wrote:

>Since 1991ev there have been numerous ammendments to the OTO Bylaws, 
most of
>them, I believe, being made note of in the OTO's official 
publication: The
>Magical Link.
>
>Even though this email series (Parts 1 through 4)  is not fully up 
to date, I
>feel that the general gist of the OTO Bylaws (in mood and mentality) 
can be
>grasped

In general, yes, but in practical terms, no.  The Bylaws of 1991 e.v. 
date
from before splitting off the USOTO from the international OTO.  The 
1991
e.v. Bylaws were significantly amended to produce those of the present
international organization and the USOTO Bylaws are naturally 
different in
as much as a national body is not the paramont international body.

Succession is pretty much as given here, for OHO; but there are 
differences
in procedures for removal.

93 93/93
Bill
To: thelema93-l@hollyfeld.org
From: "AShTON VQ'QL" 
Subject: OTO Bylaws [Part 2 of 4]
Date: Wed, 21 Apr 1999 20:39:31 -0700 (MST)

[Begin OTO Bylaws Part 2 of 4]

BYLAWS
of the
ORDO TEMPLI ORIENTIS
that is in the
UNITED STATES
of
AMERICA
(with International Provisions)
Amended 7/1/89 e.v. and 4/6/91 e.v.

[OTO Bylaws Part 2 of 4]

Article IV
Initiate Bodies

Section 4.01. Definition.
An Initiate Body of the O.T.O. is comprised of Initiate
class members who are members of said Initiate Body,
pursuant to the qualifications and initiatory degree
prerequisites appropriate to their Initiate class of
membership. Initiate Bodies have such responsibilities and
privileges as may be determined, from time to time, by the
Governing Body concerned.

Section 4.02. Types of Initiate Body.
Additional types of Initiate Bodies of the O.T.O. are
determined by the National Grand Master General, and have
such responsibilities and privileges as may be determined,
from time to time, by the Governing Body concerned.

Section 4.03. Camps.
A. Camps of the O.T.O. are local bodies of minimum

organization and plan. The master of a Camp should be at
least Iø. Camps may or may not provide initiations. Camps
have minimal reporting requirements to the Electoral
College, which body has authority to open and close their
operations and to appoint or dismiss the Master or Mistress
of the Camp.
B. Independent camps must demonstrate valid record keeping
of any financial transactions in quarterly reports to Grand
Lodge in order to maintain official standing, subject to the
authority of the Grand Treasurer General. They must also
maintain a valid contact address suitable for publication in
order to maintain official standing, subject to the
authority of the Grand Secretary General.

Section 4.04. Oases.
A. An Oasis provides the essential functions to the
membership that are expected of a Lodge, such as fulfilling
teaching responsibilities, performing initiations, and
celebrating the Gnostic Catholic Mass. An Oasis must be led
by an Initiate class member of O.T.O. with a Charter to
initiate through the IIIø. All Oases report to the Electoral
College, which body has authority to open and close their
operations, and to appoint or dismiss the Master or Mistress
of the Oasis.
B. Independent Oases must demonstrate valid record keeping
of any financial transactions in quarterly reports to Grand
Lodge in order to maintain official standing, subject to the
authority of the Grand Treasurer General. They must also
maintain a valid contact address suitable for publication in
order to maintain official standing, subject to the
authority of the Grand Secretary General.

Section 4.05. Lodges.
A. A Lodge has all of the responsibilities of an independent
Oasis, but in addition may be required to assist the Order
in legal matters, including registering the Order in the
jurisdiction in which it resides. In addition to teaching,
performing initiations, and celebrating the Gnostic Catholic
Mass, a Lodge is expected to be involved in research,
writing, publishing and promulgation of the Law of Thelema
in its region.
B. A Lodge must be led by a Lodge Master or Mistress, an
Initiate class member of O.T.O. of at least the Vø with a
Charter to initiate through at least the IIIø, and should be
physically equipped to perform initiations through Perfect
Initiate. All Lodges report to the Electoral College, which
body has authority to open and close their operations, and
to appoint or dismiss the Master or Mistress of the Lodge.
C. Lodges must demonstrate valid record keeping of any
financial transactions in quarterly reports to Grand Lodge
in order to maintain official standing, subject to the
authority of the Grand Treasurer General. They must also
maintain a valid contact address suitable for publication in
order to maintain official standing, subject to the
authority of the Grand Secretary General.

Section 4.06. Knights of East and West.
Members of the degree of Knight of the East and of the West
devote their lives to the Establishment of the Law of
Thelema.

Section 4.07. Chapters of Rose Croix Vø.
A. Initiate members of the Vø are responsible for the social
welfare of the Order. This degree is symbolically that of
beauty and harmony; it is the natural stopping-place of the
majority of men and women; for to proceed farther involves
renunciation of the sternest kind.
B. In this degree the Most Wise Sovereign of each Chapter
will appoint a committee of four persons, two men and two
women, to arrange for all social gatherings, banquets,
dances, the performances of plays, and similar pleasures.
They will also endeavor to promote harmony among the
Brethren in all possible ways, and to compose any disputes
by tact and friendliness without formal appeal being made to
any more authoritative tribunal.
C. All Chapters report to the Supreme Grand Council, which
body has the authority to open and close their operations
and appoint or dismiss the Most Wise Sovereign of the
Chapter.
D. Chapters must demonstrate valid record keeping of any
financial transactions and report them to Grand Lodge in
order to maintain official standing, subject to the
authority of the Grand Treasurer General. They must also
maintain a valid contact address in order to maintain
official standing, subject to the authority of the Grand
Secretary General.

Section 4.08. The Senate.
Initiate members of the degree which lies between the Vø and
the VIø, or Knight Hermetic Philosopher, Knight of the Red
Eagle are eligible to volunteer for appointment to the
Electoral College.

Section 4.09. Commanderies of the Knights Templar VIø.
A. The Knights Templar represent the temporal power of the
Xø, and its members are Initiate members of the VIø
Illustrious Knight Templar of the Order of Kadosch, and
Companion of the Holy Graal. Each member is amenable to
military discipline. Singly or in concert with their
comrades, the Knights are vowed to enforce the decisions of
the Xø.
B. All Commanderies report to the Supreme Grand Council,
which body has the authority to open and close their
operations and appoint or dismiss the Grand Commander of the
Commandery.
C. Commanderies must demonstrate valid record keeping of any
financial transactions in quarterly reports to Grand Lodge
in order to maintain official standing, subject to the
authority of the Grand Treasurer General. They must also
maintain a valid contact address suitable for publication in
order to maintain official standing, subject to the
authority of the Grand Secretary General.

Section 4.10. The VIIø Sovereign Grand Inspectors General.
A. The Initiate members of the degree of VIIø are entitled
Very Illustrious Sovereign Grand Inspectors General. Each
has met such initiation prerequisites as the vesting of some
real property in the Order, and the induction of 111 persons
into Order membership. Either or both of these special
prerequisites may be waived by special order from the Xø. In
military language, the VIIø is the Great General Staff of
the Army of the VIø.
B. All members of the VIIø travel as Sovereign Grand
Inspectors General of the Order and report on their own
initiative to the Xø as to the condition of all Camps,
Oases, Lodges, Chapters, and Commanderies. They also report
to the Supreme Grand Council on all affairs of the Lovers
Grade, and to the Electoral College on those of the Man of
Earth Grade.

Section 4.11. The Perfect Pontiffs of the Illuminati of the
VIIIø.
The initiate members of the VIIIø are known as Perfect
Pontiffs of the Illuminati, and are obligated to practice
the theurgy and thaumaturgy of their degree, and make a
profound study of philosophy and its application to the
principles of the Order. They may choose to serve as Perfect
Epopts of the Secret Areopagus of the VIIIø, a philosophical
Governing Body, pursuant to Article V.

Section 4.12. The Revolutionaries.
A. The Revolutionaries are two members of the Sovereign
Sanctuary of the Gnosis of the IXø in the United States who
volunteer to stand for election by the Electoral College,
and are elected by the Electoral College pursuant to Section
5.03(D). They are charged with the duty of revolution within
the Order. It is the business of these Revolutionaries
constantly to criticize and oppose the acts of the Xø.
Should he exhibit weakness they are empowered to appeal to
the O.H.O. to depose him; but they, alone of all the
Initiate members of the Order, are not eligible to the
Succession.
B. This Section 4.12 will become operative only in the
following events:
     i.   The O.H.O. is de jure, pursuant to Article XII,
and:
     ii.  The O.H.O. is not simultaneously the National
Grand Master General of the United States of America.

Section 4.13. The Sovereign Sanctuary of the Gnosis IXø.
A. Initiate Members of the IXø are members of the Sovereign
Sanctuary of the Gnosis. The IXø degree is synthetic,
pursuant to Section 2.02(B)(v).
B. The prime duty of its members is to study and practice
the theurgy and thaumaturgy of the degree; but in addition
they must be prepared to act as direct representatives of
the Xø, radiating his light upon the whole world. Yet, from
the nature of their initiation, they must veil their glory
in a cloud of darkness. They move unseen and unrecognized
among the youngest of us, subtly and loftily leading us into
the holy ineffable mysteries of the True Light.
C. Its members may volunteer to stand for election by the
Electoral College as Revolutionaries, pursuant to Sections
4.12(A) and 5.03(D).

Article V
Governing Bodies

Section 5.01. Definition.
A Governing Body of the O.T.O. is comprised of Initiate
class members who are appointed to said Governing Body by
the National Grand Master General, pursuant to the
qualifications, Initiate class degree prerequisites, terms,
and appointment procedures set forth in this article.

Section 5.02. Types of Governing Body.
The Governing Bodies of the O.T.O. hold delegated
responsibility from the National Grand Master General, as
set forth below.

Section 5.03. The Electoral College.
A. This is the first of the governing bodies, properly
speaking, and here we begin to insist upon Renunciation. The
Electoral College consists of eleven persons holding the
degree of Knight Hermetic Philosopher (Senate). It has full
control of the affairs of the members of the Men of Earth
Grade, appointing and removing Camp, Oasis and Lodge Masters
or Mistresses at will. It has however no authority over the
Chapters of Rose Croix of the Vø.
B. Persons who wish to be appointed to the Electoral College
by the Xø must volunteer for the office. The appointment is
for eleven years. Volunteers must renounce for that period
all further progress in the Order, except by specific waiver
by the National Grand Master General.
C. The chief executive of the Electoral College shall be the
President, and is appointed or removed by the Xø. The
President will summon the members of the Electoral College
at the four seasons of the year, and if necessary at other
times, when they will deliberate upon the affairs placed in
their charge. All applications to pass to the Vø are subject
to their approval. Appeal from their decisions may however
be made to the Supreme Grand Council.
D. Every eleven years, or in the case of a vacancy
occurring, the Electoral College elects two members of the
IXø who volunteer to stand for election to the Initiate Body
termed the Revolutionaries, whose powers and duties are
described in Section 4.12(A).
E. The Electoral College shall give full hearing to reports
from Initiate members of the degree of Sovereign Grand
Inspector General VIIø as to the condition of affairs of the
members of the Man of Earth Triad, pursuant to Section 4.10.
F. Individual members of the Electoral College have the
right to certify appeal of Grand Tribunal decisions to the
Secret Areopagus.

Section 5.04. The Grand Tribunal.
A. The Grand Tribunal is composed of members of the degree
of Grand Inquisitor Commander. In this degree every member
has the right to a seat on the Grand Tribunal, which body
decides all disputes and complaints which have not been
composed by the Chapters of Rose Croix of the Vø, or the
Lodge Masters. Its verdicts are without appeal, unless a
member of the Electoral College gives approval to take the
case to the Secret Areopagus of the VIIIø, pursuant to
Section 5.06. All members of the Order, even of higher
degrees, are subject to the Grand Tribunal.
B. All disputes between members should be referred first to
the Master(s) of their Lodge(s) or the Most Wise
Sovereign(s) of their Chapter(s), as is appropriate to their
degree of membership. If a resolution of the dispute is not
arrived at in this manner, the dispute is to be referred to
the Grand Tribunal, which may arbitrate thereon, and its
decision is to be accepted as binding and final, subject to
appeal pursuant to 5.06.
C. The following types of disputes shall not require
decision by the Grand Tribunal, but may be taken directly to
the civil courts:
     i.   Family and domestic disputes; or
     ii.  Disputes where time is of the essence (in order to
prevent damage or loss of legal recourse); or
     iii. Disputes considered de minimis by the Grand
Tribunal; or
     iv.  In response to any pending litigation matter.
The National Supreme Council may, on its own authority,
grant exemption from any consequences within the O.T.O. for
pursuing a civil case.
D. In the event a dispute remains unresolved pursuant to
paragraphs A and B above, and such dispute does not qualify
for exemption under paragraph C, then a member may apply to
the Grand Tribunal for a hearing and a decision. Refusal to
accept a decision of the Grand Tribunal may entail sanction
by the Grand Tribunal, pursuant to Section 2.18. The Grand
Tribunal may authorize the member or members to seek redress
in the secular courts.
E. Members of the O.T.O. agree to binding arbitration in the
Grand Tribunal, except as provided herein, and as prohibited
by law. Civil lawsuits between members of the Order, except
as provided herein, are forbidden. Failure to comply with
this rule may entail immediate sanction and loss of
privileges.
F. Any injury done by any person without the Order to any
person within it may be brought before the Grand Tribunal,
which will, if it deems right and fit, use all its power to
redress the injury subject to the limits of applicable law.
G. In the event of abuse of membership privileges, the
member concerned, together with his or her sponsors, may be
held strictly to account by the Grand Tribunal.
H. The Grand Tribunal shall be presided over by the National
Grand Master General. The rules and regulations for the
conduct of the Grand Tribunal are subject to the approval of
the Secret Areopagus and the National Supreme Council.
Additionally, the O.T.O. shall take all reasonable steps to
assure that all members of the O.T.O. are notified of and
subscribe in writing to the binding arbitration and sanction
clauses provided for herein.

Section 5.05. The Supreme Grand Council.
A. From the Initiate members of the VIIø, the Xø appoints
the Supreme Grand Council. This Council is charged with the
government of the whole of the Lovers Grade, and is presided
over by the Xø. Each member is a Sovereign Grand Inspector
General VIIø with responsibility for the welfare of all
Initiate Bodies within their jurisdiction. The Supreme Grand
Council shall:
     i.   Hear and decide appeals of the decisions of the
Electoral College, pursuant to Section 5.03(c); and
     ii.  Hear reports of the Sovereign Grand Inspectors
General VIIø as to the affairs of the Initiate members of
the Lovers Grade, pursuant to Section 4.10.

Section 5.06. The Secret Areopagus of the VIIIø.
A. The Initiate members of the degree of Perfect Pontiff of
the Illuminati of the VIIIø may choose to serve as Perfect
Epopts of the Secret Areopagus of the Illuminati, a
philosophical Governing Body. It has the power to reverse
the decisions of the Grand Tribunal, should a member of the
Electoral College approve the appeal.
B. The Secret Areopagus is responsible for composing all
conflicts between any of the governing bodies of the Order,
and is charged with the duty of resolving such conflicts
based upon the great principles of philosophy and of the
Order. In the light of these great principles, it is
responsible for drafting and approving all Amendments to the
Bylaws of the Order, pursuant to Article XVI.
C. All disputes between the various Guilds are argued before
the Secret Areopagus, pursuant to Article VIII.
D. The decisions of the Secret Areopagus of the VIIIø are
without appeal.
E. The Sanctuary of the Gnosis of the IXø must ratify all
decisions of the Secret Areopagus of the Illuminati of the
VIIIø. The form of ratification shall be tacit, unless
otherwise specified by the National Grand Master General.
F. The decisions of the Secret Areopagus shall be reported
and documented to the satisfaction of the Grand Secretary
General, who shall undertake the distribution of such
decisions to the Sanctuary of the Gnosis in a timely
fashion. If within thirty-one days of the Grand Secretary
General's mailing of the decisions by first class mail to
the Sovereign Sanctuary, greater than twenty-five percent
(25%) of the members of the Sovereign Sanctuary have filed a
written objection to the decision of the Secret Areopagus
with the Grand Secretary General, the decision will be
returned with summaries of the specific objections of the
IXø members to the Secret Areopagus by the Grand Secretary
General for readjudication.
G. Should fewer than twenty-five percent (25%) of the
members of the Sovereign Sanctuary file a written objection
to a decision of the Secret Areopagus, it shall be
considered tacitly ratified, and shall pass to the Throne of
the National Grand Master General Xø for final approval or
veto.
H. Members of the Sanctuary of the Gnosis of the IXø are
automatically entitled to a voting seat on the Secret
Areopagus of the VIIIø. Four or more members of the U.S.
Sovereign Sanctuary of the Gnosis of the IXø may notify the
Grand Secretary General that they require an additional 31
days in order to review the issues set before them for
ratification.

[End OTO Bylaws Part 2 of 4]


To: thelema93-l@hollyfeld.org
From: "AShTON VQ'QL" 
Subject: OTO Bylaws [Part 3 of 4]
Date: Wed, 21 Apr 1999 20:39:51 -0700 (MST)

[Begin OTO Bylaws Part 3 of 4]

BYLAWS
of the
ORDO TEMPLI ORIENTIS
that is in the
UNITED STATES
of
AMERICA
(with International Provisions)
Amended 7/1/89 e.v. and 4/6/91 e.v.

[OTO Bylaws Part 3 of 4]

Article VI
Administrative Bodies (Directors and the National
Supreme Council)

Section 6.01. Definitions.
The National Supreme Council of the O.T.O. is comprised of
Initiate class members holding the positions of Directors of
the O.T.O. pursuant to the qualifications, initiatory degree
prerequisites, terms, and appointment procedures set forth
in this article.

Section 6.02. Number.
The O.T.O. shall have three (3) Directors and collectively
they shall be known as the National Supreme Council. The
number of Directors may be changed only by amendment of this
Bylaw, or by the repeal of this Bylaw and adoption of a new
Bylaw, as provided in Sections 5.06(B) and 16.02 of these
Bylaws.

Section 6.03. Use of Terms.
The words ``Directors'' and ``Board'', as used in the
Articles of Incorporation of this corporation or in these
Bylaws in relation to any power or duty requiring collective
action, mean ``National Supreme Council''.

Section 6.04. Powers.
Subject to the limitations contained in the Articles of
Incorporation and these Bylaws, the Directors shall exercise
the powers of the O.T.O., control its property, and conduct
its affairs, except as otherwise provided by law.

Section 6.05. Duties of Directors.
A. It shall be the duty of the Directors to:
     i.   Perform any and all duties imposed on them
collectively or individually by law, by the Articles of
Incorporation of this corporation, or by these Bylaws.
     ii.  Appoint and remove, employ and discharge, and,
except as otherwise provided in these Bylaws, prescribe the
duties and fix the compensation, if any, of all officers,
agents, and employees of the O.T.O.
     iii. Supervise all officers, agents, governing bodies,
and employees of the O.T.O. to assure that their duties are
properly performed.
     iv.  Meet at such times and places as required by these
Bylaws.
     v.   Require that special meetings of members be called
whenever and as often as they deem necessary and whenever
demanded by the required number of members as in these
Bylaws provided.
     vi.  Assure that new members shall continue to be
admitted to the Initiate class of membership of the O.T.O.

Section 6.06. Duties of the National Supreme Council.
A. The powers, responsibilities and duties of the National
Supreme Council shall be to:
     i.   Conduct the Order's business management, legal
affairs and public relations.
     ii.  Coordinate the joint or separate meetings of the
Governing Bodies of the Order.
     iii. Meet to act upon specified business normally
appropriate to a Governing Body of the Order no less than
thirty-one (31) days after receipt of a written request from
the secretary of the body, who must simultaneously mail
copies of the request to all members of the concerned body.
     iv.  Meet to act to assume the official functions and
transact any business normally delegated to a Governing Body
of the Order should said body chronically fail in its
delegated responsibilities. Such action requires thirty-one
(31) days prior notification to all members of the affected
body or bodies, and may only be initiated by unanimous
decision of the National Supreme Council.
     v.   Meet to act upon business requiring immediate
emergency action in a matter appropriate to a Governing Body
of the Order. Determination that the emergency condition
exists requires a unanimous National Supreme Council
decision. Normal prior notification requirements are waived
in such emergencies only.
Decisions made pursuant to Subsections (i) and (ii) are
automatically effective upon due notice. Those decisions
made pursuant to Subsections (iii-v) shall be binding until
the next meeting of the Governing Body of the Order normally
responsible for such a decision, at which time they become a
part of the official minutes of said body, subject to their
rules and Subregulations.

Section 6.07. Qualifications.
Any member of the O.T.O., over the age of eighteen (18), who
has received at least the Minerval degree (0ø), and who has
paid his or her current dues is qualified to be appointed a
Director in these Bylaws.

Section 6.08. Appointment to Office, Term, and Removal from
Office.
A. Each Director shall be a Grand Officer of the O.T.O.
appointed to or removed from office, pursuant to Article
III, and shall serve in office for the following terms:
     i.   National Grand Master General Xø: Shall hold
office for life, until his or her resignation, or until
removal from office by the O.H.O. pursuant to Articles III
and XII.
     ii.  Grand Secretary General: Shall hold office until
his or her resignation or removal from office by the
National Grand Master General Xø, pursuant to Article III.
     iii. Grand Treasurer General: Shall hold office until
his or her resignation or removal from office by the
National Grand Master General Xø, pursuant to Article III.

Section 6.09. Compensation.
The compensation of Directors shall be in such sum, if any,
as may be fixed from time to time by a majority of the
voting members acting at a duly called and held meeting of
the Secret Areopagus, or by written consent of a majority of
the voting members of the Secret Areopagus ratifying a
resolution of the National Supreme Council.

Section 6.10. Place of Meeting.
Meetings shall be held at the principal office of the O.T.O.
or at such other place within or without the State of
California as may from time to time be designated by
resolution of the National Supreme Council. In the absence
of such designation, meetings shall be held at the principal
office of the O.T.O.

Section 6.11. Use of Telephonic or Computerized
Teleconferencing Aids in Meetings.
Meetings of the National Supreme Council may be held by the
use of telephone conference, or by the use of
telecommunicating computer conferencing aids. The physical
attendance of the required number of members in order to
meet quorum requirements is not necessary as long as quorum
can be met by the use of such telephonic or computerized
teleconferencing aids.

Section 6.12. Meetings of the National Supreme Council.
The National Supreme Council shall meet not less than four
times per year and more often as necessary.

Section 6.13. Special Meetings of the National Supreme
Council.
Special meetings of the National Supreme Council may be
called by the National Grand Master General, or if he or she
is absent or is unable or refuses to act, by the Deputy
National Grand Master General, or by any two Directors, and
such meeting shall be held at the principal office of the
O.T.O. or at such other place within or without the State of
California as a majority of the National Supreme Council may
consent to in writing.

Section 6.14. Notice.
The Grand Secretary General of the O.T.O., or other person
designated by the National Grand Master General, shall
deliver written or printed notice of the time and place of
meetings of the National Supreme Council to each Director
personally or by United States mail or telegram at least
fourteen (14) days prior to the date of the meeting. If sent
by mail or telegram, the notice shall be deemed to be
delivered on its deposit in the United States mail or on its
delivery to the telegraph company. Such notice shall be
addressed to each Director at his or her address as shown in
the membership book of the O.T.O. If the address of the
Director is not shown and is not readily ascertainable, the
notice shall be addressed to him or her at the city or place
in which the meetings of Directors are regularly held.
Notice of the time and place of holding an adjourned meeting
need not be given to absent Directors if the time and place
are fixed at the meeting adjourned.

Section 6.15. Validation of Meeting Defectively Called or
Noticed.
The transactions of any meeting of the National Supreme
Council, however called and noticed or wherever held, are as
valid as though the meeting had been duly held after proper
call and notice, provided a quorum, as hereinafter defined,
is present and provided that either before or after the
meeting each and every Director not present signs a waiver
of notice, a consent to holding the meeting, or an approval
of the minutes thereof. All such waivers, consents, or
approvals shall be filed with the corporate records or made
a part of the minutes of the meeting.

Section 6.16. Conduct of Meetings.
A. Except as otherwise expressly provided in these Bylaws,
or in the Articles of Incorporation of this corporation, or
by law, no business shall be considered by the National
Supreme Council at any meeting at which a quorum, as
hereinafter defined, is not present, and the only motion
which the Chair shall entertain at such meeting is a motion
to adjourn. However, a majority of the Directors present at
such meeting may adjourn from time to time until the time
fixed for the next regular meeting of the National Supreme
Council.
B. All meetings of Directors shall be governed by such rules
as may be revised from time to time, insofar as such rules
are not inconsistent or in conflict with these Bylaws, with
the Articles of Incorporation of this corporation, or with
law.
C. Meetings of Directors shall be presided over by the
National Grand Master General, or in his or her absence by
the Deputy National Grand Master General, or in the absence
of both, by a chairman chosen by a majority of the Directors
present. The Grand Secretary General of the O.T.O. shall act
as Secretary of the National Supreme Council. In case the
Grand Secretary General is absent from any meeting of
Directors, the presiding officer may appoint any person to
act as Secretary for the meeting.

Section 6.17. Quorum.
A quorum shall consist of two (2) Directors present in
person or by proxy. No business requiring unanimous action
shall be undertaken unless all members are present in person
or by proxy.

Section 6.18. Proxy.
Any Director shall have the right to vote either in person
or by written proxy executed by such person or his or her
duly authorized agent and filed with the Grand Secretary
General of the O.T.O. No proxy shall be valid after one year
from the date of its execution unless otherwise provided for
in the proxy.

Section 6.19. Action by the National Supreme Council.
A. Every act done or decided by a majority of the Directors
present either in person or by proxy, at a meeting duly held
at which a quorum is present is the act of the National
Supreme Council, unless the law, the Articles of
Incorporation of the O.T.O., or these Bylaws require a
greater number.
B. The National Grand Master General shall have the power to
veto any action by the National Supreme Council, within ten
(10) days of that action.
C. If a Director absent from a meeting deems that a matter
decided at that meeting pertains to that Director's area of
responsibility, then that Director may require the return of
the matter to the agenda of the next meeting.

Section 6.20. Action by Unanimous Written Consent Without A
Meeting.
Any action required or permitted to be taken by the National
Supreme Council under any provision of law may be taken
without a meeting, if all members of the National Supreme
Council shall individually or collectively consent in
writing to such action. Such written consent or consents
shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the
National Supreme Council. Such written consent shall have
the same force and effect as the unanimous vote of such
Directors. Any certificate or other document filed under any
provision of law which relates to action so taken shall
state that the action was taken by unanimous written consent
of the National Supreme Council without a meeting and that
the Articles of Incorporation and the Bylaws to this
corporation authorize the Directors to so act, and such
statement shall be prima facie evidence of such authority.

Section 6.21. Vacancies.
A. Vacancies in the National Supreme Council shall exist:
     i.   On the death, resignation, or removal of any
Director; or
     ii.  Whenever the number of Directors authorized is
increased; or
     iii. Upon the failure of the National Grand Master
General to appoint the full number of Directors authorized.

Section 6.22. Declaration of Vacancy.
A. The National Supreme Council may declare vacant the

office of a Director:
     i.   If he or she is declared of unsound mind by an
order of court, or finally convicted of a felony; or
     ii.  If within thirty-one (31) days after notice of his
or her appointment he or she does not accept the office
either in writing or by attending a meeting of the National
Supreme Council.

Section 6.23. Filling Vacancies by Directors.
Vacancies caused by the death, resignation, or disability of
a Director or Directors, or by his, her, or their removal as
provided in these Bylaws, or by an amendment of the Articles
of Incorporation or of these Bylaws increasing the number of
Directors authorized shall be filled within thirty-one (31)
days by appointment of a qualified Director, pursuant to
Articles III and VI of these Bylaws. If the office of
National Grand Master General falls vacant, the Deputy
National Grand Master General shall serve until a successor
as National Grand Master General is appointed pursuant to
Articles III and XII.

Section 6.24. Resignation Effective at Future Date.
If the National Supreme Council accepts the resignation of a
Director tendered to take effect at a future time, the
National Grand Master General shall appoint a successor to
take office when the resignation becomes effective. The
resignation of the National Grand Master General, if
accepted, shall take effect pursuant to the provisions in
Articles III and XII.

Section 6.25. Reduction of Number.
A reduction of the authorized number of Directors does not
remove any Director prior to the expiration of his or her
term of office.

Section 6.26. Nonliability of Directors.
The Directors of the O.T.O. shall not be personally liable
for the debts, liabilities, or other obligations of the
corporation.

Section 6.27. Indemnity by the O.T.O.
A. Should any person be sued, either alone or with others,
because he or she was or is a Director, officer, or employee
of the O.T.O., in any proceeding arising out of his or her
alleged misfeasance or nonfeasance in the performance of his
or her duties or out of any alleged wrongful act against the
corporation or by the corporation, indemnity for his or her
reasonable expenses, including attorney's fees incurred in
the defense of the proceeding, may be assessed against the
corporation, its receiver, or its trustee, by the court in
the same or a separate proceeding if:
     i.   The person sued is successful in whole or in part,
or the proceeding against him or her is settled with the
approval of the court; and
     ii.  The court finds that his or her conduct fairly and
equitably merits such indemnity. The amount of such
indemnity shall be so much of the expenses, including
attorney's fees, incurred in the defense of the proceeding,
as the court determines and finds to be reasonable.

Article VII
Charters and Authorizations

Section 7.01. Issuance of Charters for Initiate Bodies.
Written Charters evidencing specific authority to operate
Initiate Bodies of the Order as defined in Article IV, shall
from time to time be issued on the recommendation of the
Governing Body concerned as defined in Article V, and
recognized by the Administrative Body concerned as defined
in Article VI. All Charters require the authorization,
signature and seal of the National Grand Master General and
of the presiding officer of the Governing Body concerned.
Charters shall bear the date of issue, specify the nature of
the Initiate Body and its official name or designation,
specify the member responsible for the Initiate Body, and,
if applicable, the location and territory in which the body
may operate.

Section 7.02. Acceptance of Charters for Initiate Bodies.
Conduct of official Order business within the precincts of
the Initiate Body shall be construed to constitute
acceptance of any terms and conditions imposed by the
Governing Body concerned pursuant to Articles V or VI, or
required by the Grand Officer or Administrative Body
concerned pursuant to Articles III or VI, whether in effect
at the time of issuance or issued subsequently, provided;
however, that such terms and conditions are communicated
through publication or other appropriate form of
notification.

Section 7.03. Suspension and Revocation of Charters for
Initiate Bodies.
A. Should the responsible Governing Body determine that an
Initiate Body no longer serves the function for which it was
originally chartered such Governing Body may amend, suspend
or revoke the original Charter pursuant to Articles IV and
V.
B. Should the Grand Secretary General determine that the
Initiate Body has failed to maintain a functional address,
consistently fail to provide reports necessary, or
consistently fail to respond to official communications, he
or she may remove the Initiate Body from the Order's list of
Initiate Bodies, suspend the Initiate Body, and recommend
that the Governing Body responsible for the Initiate Body's
Charter review its official status pursuant to Articles IV
and V.

C. Should the Grand Treasurer General determine that:
     i.   an Initiate Body has consistently failed to file
timely financial reports or remit any appropriate funds, or
consistently failed to respond to official requests for
settlement of financial irregularities; and/or,
     ii.  the individual member holding a Charter for an
Initiate Body incurs financial bad report for nonpayment of
membership dues;
then the Grand Treasurer General may issue a direct order to
the Initiate Body to suspend all operations due to financial
bad report. The Grand Treasurer General shall in such an
action request that the Grand Secretary General remove the
Initiate Body from the Order's list of Initiate Bodies, and
recommend that the Governing Body responsible for the
Initiate Body's Charter review its official status pursuant
to Article VIII.
D. A National Supreme Council officer, and/or a
representative of an Initiate Body under a pending or
effective suspension pursuant to (i-ii) above, may request
adjudication by the National Supreme Council.
E. The National Grand Master General may suspend, amend or
revoke any Charter upon his own authority, and may from time
to time delegate such authority by written authorization.
F. The President of the Electoral College may suspend any
Charter for a Camp, Oasis or Lodge upon his or her own
authority upon written notification to the Initiate Body
suspended, and to the National Supreme Council.
G. The Sovereign Grand Inspectors General of the VIIø may
suspend, amend or revoke any Charter if issued specific
authorization by the National Grand Master General.

Section 7.04. Charters Authorizing Initiation Powers.
A. The ultimate responsibility for initiating all grades,
degrees, classes or sub-classes of initiated membership in
the O.T.O. in the United States of America vests in the
National Grand Master General Xø, which authority is held by
delegation from the O.H.O.
B. Induction of non-members or Associate members into
initiate membership in O.T.O. must be accomplished by
physical performance of the approved Minerval initiation
ritual (0ø) by a member of O.T.O., in good standing, and in
possession of a valid Charter authorizing the individual to
perform the initiation.
C. Charters authorizing the performance of other initiations
to other degrees may be issued to a qualified initiate
member on the recommendation of the Supreme Grand Council or
Electoral College, pursuant to Articles IV and V.
D. All Charters shall bear the date of issue, specify the
exact degree or range of degrees of initiation
authorization, and require the authorization, signature and
seal of the National Grand Master General. Performance of
initiations by authority of a Charter to initiate shall
constitute acceptance of any terms and conditions imposed
upon the exercise of such authority to initiate, at the time
of issuance or subsequently, provided that such terms and
conditions are communicated through official publication or
written communication.

Section 7.05. Revocation or Amendment of Charters to
Initiate.
A. The National Grand Master General may issue, extend,
withhold, revoke, suspend, reinstate or amend the terms and
conditions of any such Charter to initiate upon his own
authority. In the event of the National Grand Master
General's death, resignation or removal, all initiations
should cease until a new National Grand Master General is
appointed.
B. The newly-appointed National Grand Master General shall
review all Charters to initiate upon appointment, and all
persons holding Charters to initiate shall be required to
advise the new National Grand Master General of their prior
initiatory authority, under penalty of forfeiture of
initiatory rights within the O.T.O.
C. In the event a new National Grand Master General is not
appointed within ninety-three (93) days, then the emergency
provisions of Section 12.04 become effective.

Article VIII
Guilds

Section 8.01. Definition.
Within the Order, irrespective of grade, stands an
independent Parliament of the Guilds. The members of each
craft, trade, science, or profession form themselves into a
Guild, make their own regulations, and prosecute their own
good in all matters pertaining to their labor and means of
livelihood.

Section 8.02. Representation to the Governing Bodies of the
Order.
Each Guild chooses the member most eminent in it to
represent it before the Secret Areopagus of the VIIIø; and
all disputes between the various Guilds are argued before
that Body.

Section 8.03. Governance of Guilds.
The Secret Areopagus shall from time to time designate the
manner in which Guilds are opened, operated and dissolved,
together with such other matters as may be applicable.

Article IX
Ecclesiastical Membership

Section 9.01. Definition.
A. All aspects of the O.T.O. are religious in character, and
the use of the term ``ecclesiastical'' to identify the class
of membership defined in this article should not be
construed to signify that other aspects of the O.T.O. are
not ecclesiastical or religious in character.
B. The term ``ecclesiastical'' is used to signify membership
in the Ecclesia Gnostica Catholica within the O.T.O. due to
traditional historical usage.
C. Ecclesiastical membership in O.T.O. does not confer
Associate, Initiate, Governing or Administrative membership,
or alter their exercise where they may otherwise exist.
Members of the Ecclesiastical (also hereinafter referred to
as ``Church'') membership are members of the Ecclesia
Gnostica Catholica, or Gnostic Catholic Church, within the
O.T.O.

Section 9.02. Subclasses of Church Membership.
There are four recognized subclasses of Church membership,
the Father (or Mother) of the Church, the Bishops, the
Priests and Priestesses, and the Deacons.

Section 9.03. The Father (or Mother) of the Church.
The Father (or Mother) of the Church is the O.H.O.,
regardless of the country in which the Gnostic Catholic
Church is established. Succession to the office of O.H.O.
conveys a valid and documented apostolic succession.

Section 9.04. The Bishops.
A. For the purposes of the limited definition used herein in
the context of the Gnostic Catholic Church within the
O.T.O., the Bishops of the Gnostic Catholic Church are men
or women who are recognized by the Father (or Mother) of the
Church as holding a valid and documented apostolic episcopal
succession, which authority they apply in the furthering of
the Law of Thelema through their ministry.
B. Bishops from affiliated or distant branches of the
Gnostic Catholic Church with or without an historical
connection with the O.T.O. may affiliate with the O.T.O.
upon mutual recognition.
C. Bishops within the Ecclesiastical class of membership in
the O.T.O. may exercise their traditional prerogative to
ordain priests, priestesses and deacons upon their own
recognizance. For Priests, Priestesses and Deacons to be
accorded the status of Member under Section 9.02, their
ordination must be reported to and recorded by the Grand
Secretary General.  Those Bishops regularly providing public
performance of the Gnostic Catholic Mass, and providing
religious services to their congregation on a weekly basis,
may apply to the National Supreme Council of the O.T.O. for
recognition of ministerial status within the O.T.O. They
will then be assisted by the O.T.O. in undertaking such
legal registrations as are necessary within their State of
residence to permit them to serve their congregation by
performing marriages, baptisms, last rites and other
religious functions. Such registrations require the review
of the National Supreme Council of the O.T.O. if any part of
the Bishop's authority to undertake such registration is
derived from his or her Ecclesiastical membership within the
O.T.O.

Section 9.05. The O.T.O. Gnostic Catholic Mass.
A. The Gnostic Catholic Mass (Liber XV) is the central
ritual, public and private, of the O.T.O., and is the
O.T.O.'s principal rite of religious celebration that is
performed on a regular basis within our official bodies.
B. The Father (or Mother) of the Church has the authority to
modify the Gnostic Catholic Mass to suit special functions
and occasions, to set recommended guidelines for its proper
performance, and to issue recommendations for the
preparation of the sacraments.

Article X
Subordinate Bodies

Section 10.01. Standing Committees.
A. Standing committees may be designated from time to time
by resolution of the National Supreme Council. The National
Supreme Council shall designate or approve:
     i.   The duties, functions, powers, and authority, if
any, of the committee.
     ii.  The rules and regulations for its government and
procedure.
     iii. The manner of selecting chairpersons and members.
     iv.  The qualifications, if any, of chairpersons and
members.
     v.   The number of members.
     vi.  The terms of office, manner of removal, and manner
of declaring and filling vacancies.
     vii. Any other provision the National Supreme Council
deems desirable.

Section 10.02. Ad Hoc Committees.
Ad Hoc committees for specific purposes or activities may be
designated from time to time by the National Supreme Council
or its duly authorized Governing Body or agent.

Section 10.03. Chartered Bodies.
The National Grand Master General may from time to time
Charter subsidiary orders, societies, co-fraternities, etc.,
for the purpose of specializing the diverse aims and
functions of the O.T.O. The purpose, powers, authority, and
duties of such chartered bodies shall be set forth in their
Charters. In all other regards, the rules and regulations of
such chartered bodies, their membership, government, and
procedures shall be from time to time designated or approved
by resolution of the National Supreme Council, and pursuant
to Article VII.

Section 10.04. Ultimate Control.
No committee shall adopt any rule, regulation, government,
membership, or procedure that is contrary to or inconsistent
with the law, the Articles of Incorporation of the O.T.O.,
these Bylaws, the Constitution of the O.T.O., or any rule or
regulation of the National Supreme Council. The National
Supreme Council shall at all times retain ultimate authority
and control over any said committee, pursuant to Article VI.

Section 10.05. Subsidiaries.
The O.T.O. may own or control, in whole or part, any
subsidiary corporation or association.

Section 10.06. Traditional Influences.
A. The O.T.O. traditionally incorporates the wisdom and
knowledge of the following bodies:
     i.   The Order of the Knights of the Holy Ghost;
     ii.  The Order of the Illuminati;
     iii. The Order of the Temple (Knights Templar);
     iv.  The Order of the Knights of St. John;
     v.   The Order of the Knights of Malta;
     vi.  The Order of the Knights of the Holy Sepulchre;
     vii. The Hidden Church of the Holy Graal;
     viii.     The Hermetic Brotherhood of Light;
     ix.  The Holy Order of Rose Croix of Heredom;
     x.   The Order of the Holy Royal Arch of Enoch;
     xi.  The Antient and Primitive Rite of Masonry (33
degrees);
     xii. The Rite of Memphis (97 degrees);
     xiii.     The Rite of Mizraim (90 degrees);
     xiv. The Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Masonry
(33 degrees);
     xv.  The Swedenborgian Rite of Masonry;
     xvi. The Order of the Martinists; and
     xvii.     The Order of the Sat Bhai.
The O.T.O. does not include the A.'.A.'., with which august
body it is, however, close alliance.
B. Nothing in this section should be construed to assert
that the O.T.O. necessarily holds any exclusive title or
control over particular traditional bodies, other than those
which may be from time to time mutually recognized.

[End OTO Bylaws Part 3 of 4]


To: thelema93-l@hollyfeld.org
From: "AShTON VQ'QL" 
Subject: OTO Bylaws [Part 4 of 4]
Date: Wed, 21 Apr 1999 20:40:04 -0700 (MST)

[Begin OTO Bylaws Part 4 of 4]

BYLAWS
of the
ORDO TEMPLI ORIENTIS
that is in the
UNITED STATES
of
AMERICA
(with International Provisions)
Amended 7/1/89 e.v. and 4/6/91 e.v.

[OTO Bylaws Part 4 of 4]

Article XI
Meetings of Members

Section 11.01. Meetings.
Regular meetings of members shall be held at such times and
places, and shall be conducted in such manner as the
National Supreme Council or its duly authorized Governing
Body or agent may from time to time designate.

Section 11.02. Annual Joint Meeting of Administrative and
Governing Bodies.
A. The Administrative and Governing Bodies shall meet
annually on or about the Spring Equinox, at a time
determined by the National Supreme Council, for the purpose
of receiving reports on the past year's business from each
of the Governing Bodies of the Order, and transacting such
other business as may come before the meeting.
B. The Administrative and Governing Bodies participating in
the annual Joint Meeting of Governing Bodies may include the
Secret Areopagus, the Supreme Grand Council, the Grand
Tribunal, and the Electoral College, each meeting separately
and reporting to the National Supreme Council, which may
also meet at such time. The schedule of meetings shall be
prepared by the Grand Secretary General in consultation with
the secretaries of each of the Governing Bodies.

Section 11.03. Place.
The annual Joint Meeting of Administrative and Governing
Bodies shall be held at the principal office of the O.T.O.
or at such other place within or without the State of
California as may be designated from time to time by
resolution of the National Supreme Council.

Section 11.04. Special Meetings of the Secret Areopagus.
Special meetings of the Secret Areopagus shall be called by
the National Grand Master General, by the Grand Secretary
General, by any two Directors of the O.T.O., or by members
of the Secret Areopagus holding not less than twenty-five
percent (25%) of the voting power of the Secret Areopagus,
pursuant to Section 11.11. Such meetings shall be at such
time and place within or without the State of California as
may be ordered by majority resolution of the National
Supreme Council.

Section 11.05. Notice of Meetings.
Written or printed notice of the time and place of every
special meeting and annual meeting shall be delivered
personally to each member entitled to vote or sent to him or
her by United States mail, postage prepaid, or by telegram,
at least thirty-one (31) days prior to such meeting. If sent
by mail or telegram, the notice shall be addressed to the
member at his or her address as shown on the books of the
corporation and shall be deemed given at the time it is
deposited in the mail or delivered to the telegraph company.
The notice shall be given by the Grand Secretary General or
other person designated by the National Grand Master
General. On the neglect or refusal of the person charged
with giving notice, any Director or member of the Secret
Areopagus shall give the required notice. For the purpose of
giving the required notice, the person giving notice shall
be given access to the membership books of the O.T.O. at its
principal office during regular business hours.

Section 11.06. Contents of Notice.
Notice of meetings of Governing Bodies shall specify the
place, the day, and the hour of the meeting and, in the case
of special meetings, the general nature of the business to
be transacted.

Section 11.07. Quorum.
A quorum shall consist of two-thirds of the voting members,
present either in person or by proxy.

Section 11.08. Adjournment for Lack of a Quorum.
In the absence of a quorum, any meeting of the members may
be adjourned from time to time by the vote of a majority of
the voting members present in person or by proxy, but no
other business shall be transacted.

Section 11.09. Notice of Adjourned Meeting.
When a meeting is adjourned for thirty-one (31) days or
more, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given as in
the case of the original meeting. When a meeting is
adjourned for less than thirty-one (31) days, it is not
necessary to give any notice of the time and place of the
adjourned meeting or of the business to be transacted
thereat other than by announcement at the meeting at which
the adjournment is taken.

Section 11.10. Loss of Quorum.
The members present at a duly called or held meeting at
which a quorum is present may continue to do business until
adjournment notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough members
to leave less than a quorum.

Section 11.11. Voting.
Each member holding the Governing class degree of VIIIø
Epopt of the Secret Areopagus is entitled to one vote on
each matter submitted to a vote of the Secret Areopagus.
Voting at duly held meetings shall be by voice vote unless a
member entitled to vote demands that the vote be by ballot,
in which event the vote shall be by ballot.

Section 11.12. Voting by Mail.
Any vote, including the Amendment of the Articles of
Incorporation or the Bylaws, may be conducted by mail in
such manner as the National Supreme Council may from time to
time designate.

Section 11.13. Fractional Votes.
No single vote shall be split into fractional votes.

Section 11.14. Cumulative Voting.
No member entitled to vote may cumulate his or her votes.
However, each member entitled to vote, shall be entitled to
cast one vote on each ballot per office or issue as set
forth in Section 11.09 of these Bylaws.

Section 11.15. Proxy Voting.
A. Members entitled to vote shall have the right to vote
either in person, or by a written proxy executed by such
person or his or her duly authorized agent and filed with
the Grand Secretary General of the O.T.O. Except as
otherwise expressly provided in these Bylaws, no proxy shall
be valid after one year from the date of its execution.
B. Written proxies may contain specific binding instructions
for voting per office or issue.
C. Proxy-holders to Governing Bodies must meet the minimum
Initiate degree requirements necessary for holding a
position on that Governing Body, unless specific exception
is made by the National Grand Master General. Where no
suitable proxy-holder may be found, proxies may be addressed
to the secretary of the Governing Body who shall vote the
member's proxy in accordance with any written instructions.

Section 11.16. Conduct of Joint Meetings of the Governing
Bodies and of Meetings of the Secret Areopagus of the VIIIø.
A. Joint Meetings of the Governing Bodies, and the meetings
of the Secret Areopagus of the VIIIø, shall be presided over
by the National Grand Master General of the O.T.O., or, in
his or her absence, by the Deputy National Grand Master
General. In the absence of both, the meetings shall be
presided over by a chairperson chosen by a majority of the
members of the Secret Areopagus present in person or by
proxy. The Grand Secretary General of the O.T.O. shall act
as Secretary of all meetings of the Secret Areopagus of the
VIIIø, providing that in his or her absence the presiding
officer shall appoint another person to act as Secretary of
the meeting.
B. Notwithstanding Subsection (A) above, meetings of
Governing Bodies of the O.T.O. shall customarily be presided
over by the appropriate presiding officer pursuant to
Article V. In the absence of the presiding officer, the
meeting shall be presided over by a chairperson chosen by a
majority of the voting members present in person or by
proxy. The secretary of the Governing Body shall act as
Secretary of all meetings of the Governing Body, provided
that in his or her absence the presiding officer shall
appoint another person to act as Secretary of the meeting.
C. Special meetings of the Secret Areopagus, and the Joint
Meetings of the Governing Bodies, shall be governed by such
rules of order as may be adopted by majority vote, insofar
as such rules of order are not inconsistent with or in
conflict with these Bylaws, with the Articles of
Incorporation of the O.T.O., or with the law.
D. Notwithstanding any other provision of these Bylaws, no
person having voting rights on the Secret Areopagus of the
VIIIø may be deprived of that voting right except by reason
of suspension, expulsion, resignation or official inactive
status.

Section 11.17. Written Consents.
Whenever the law, the Articles of Incorporation of the
O.T.O., or these Bylaws authorize members to give their
written assent or consent to action of the O.T.O. in lieu of
attending and voting at duly held meetings, such written
consents may be given by, and shall be accepted from persons
who are voting members, as shown by the books of the O.T.O.,
at the time their consents are given, or their proxies. Any
member giving written consent, or his or her proxy, may
revoke the consent prior to the time that written consents
of the number required to authorize the proposed action have
been filed with the Grand Secretary General of the O.T.O.,
but may not do so thereafter.

Article XII
International Provisions.

Section 12.01. Definition.
A. The international officers of the O.T.O. are responsible
for coordinating the expansion, management and growth of the
O.T.O. in every country of the world. The three principal
International Officers of the O.T.O. are collectively known
as the International Supreme Council, or Executive
Committee, and comprise:
     i.   The Outer Head of the Order (O.H.O.), Frater
Superior, or Caput Ordinis.
     ii.  The Secretary General (or Cancellarius).
     iii. The Treasurer General (or Qaestor).
B. The Secretary General and Treasurer General are appointed
and may be removed by the O.H.O. They may or may not serve
in the additional capacities of Grand Secretary General or
Grand Treasurer General of any national section of the
O.T.O.
C. In addition, the O.H.O. may appoint an international
Cabinet of Advisors of up to twelve members. The O.H.O.,
Secretary General and Treasurer General are ex-officio
members of the Cabinet.

Section 12.02. Office.
The principal office of the International O.T.O. for the
transaction of its business shall be known as the Central
Office, or International Headquarters, and shall be located
in such place within or without the United States as may be
designated by the International Supreme Council.

Section 12.03. Outer Head of the Order.
A. As used in these Bylaws, the Outer Head of the Order is
the International Head of the O.T.O. with ultimate
responsibility for the welfare, continued international
growth and expansion and overall management of the O.T.O.
worldwide.
B. The O.H.O., his powers, responsibilities and functions
are more fully defined in the Constitution of the O.T.O.,
last revised on January 22, 1917 EV.
C. The O.H.O. has the power to appoint and remove at will
any Initiate class member of the O.T.O. to the
administrative office of National Grand Master General for
any country, providing that the Initiate member is a
resident of that country.
D. The O.H.O. may, or may not, at his or her sole
discretion, hold the administrative office of National Grand
Master General for a country.
E. The O.H.O. may be removed from office by the unanimous
vote of all National Grand Masters General Xø. A convocation
of National Grand Masters General to consider the removal of
the O.H.O. may be called by 25% of the membership of the
National Grand Masters General. Such a convocation requires
written notification of the O.H.O., Secretary General and
Treasurer General, as well as all National Grand Masters
General. Such convocations must be held within 31 days of
the mailing of official notifications. Upon receipt of the
notification of such a convocation, the O.H.O.'s powers to
appoint new National Grand Masters General are suspended for
31 days, or until the convocation is met and a decision
reached. Such convocations may not be called more than once
per year. Should the O.H.O. hold the additional office of
National Grand Master General Xø for any country, he or she
is ineligible to vote in the matter of his or her removal
from the office of O.H.O., but has the right to attend the
convocation.
F. The national Bylaws or Articles of Incorporation of any
national section of the O.T.O., and any amendments thereto,
must be approved by the O.H.O.
G. The O.H.O. shall appoint his or her successor to the
office, with such succession to take effect immediately upon
the O.H.O.'s death, resignation or removal. The letter of
appointment shall be left at all times with the O.H.O.'s
attorney.
H. The O.H.O. defined in this Section is referred to as a de
jure O.H.O.
I. The term O.H.O., as used in these Bylaws, means the de
jure O.H.O. or the Acting O.H.O. pursuant to this Article
XII and these Bylaws.

Section 12.04. Acting Outer Head of the Order.
A. In the absence of a de jure O.H.O., as defined in Section
12.03(A-H), the term O.H.O. as used in these Bylaws shall
mean the Acting Outer Head of the Order (Acting O.H.O.)
recognized by the United States Grand Lodge. The Acting
O.H.O. shall have all powers, responsibilities and duties
appropriate to the O.H.O., except as herein provided.
B. The Acting O.H.O. shall exercise the powers of the O.H.O.
in fostering and authorizing initiations in any country,
working to develop semi-independent national O.T.O. sections
by appointing Initiate class members of the O.T.O. resident
in any country to any appropriate administrative office, up
to and including National Grand Master General Xø for the
country.
C. The national Bylaws or Articles of Incorporation of any
national section of the O.T.O., and any amendments thereto,
must be approved by the Acting O.H.O.
D. Once the Acting O.H.O. has established five (5)
independent national sections under the governance of
appointed National Grand Masters General, the National Grand
Masters General shall have the power to convene an election
of a de jure O.H.O., by simple majority. If this meeting is
not held within a year and a day after the appointment of
the fifth National Grand Master General, then the acting
O.H.O. shall have the power to call it.
E. The de facto O.H.O., or O.H.O. pro tempore, as referred
to in these Bylaws means Acting O.H.O.

Section 12.05. Caliph.
The Acting O.H.O. for the O.T.O., as defined in Section
12.03, is the Caliph. The Caliph succeeded to the office of
Caliph by election by the membership of the Sovereign
Sanctuary of the Gnosis of the IXø, pursuant to the
directions concerning the succession to that office embodied
in a prior revision of the Bylaws of this corporation, and
accordance with the Last Will and Testament of the previous
Caliph, Grady Louis McMurtry (Hymenaeus Alpha).

Section 12.06. Elector Ninths.
All members of the Sovereign Sanctuary of the Gnosis of the
IXø registered with the Grand Secretary General during the
roll call of members of the Special Convocation of the
Sovereign Sanctuary of the IXø on September 21, 1985, and
still active members of the O.T.O. shall be herein referred
to as the Elector Ninths.

Section 12.07. Removal of Acting O.H.O. or Caliph.
A. The Acting O.H.O. or Caliph may be removed from office by
the unanimous vote of all Elector Ninths, less one member. A
convocation of Elector Ninths to consider the removal of the
Acting O.H.O. may be called by 25% of the membership of the
Elector Ninths. Such a convocation requires written
notification to the Acting O.H.O., Secretary General,
Treasurer General, U.S. Grand Secretary General, U.S. Grand
Treasurer General, as well as all Ninths and all National
Grand Masters General Xø. Such convocations must be held
within 31 days of the mailing of official notifications by
the Secretary General. Upon receipt of the notification of
such a convocation, the Acting O.H.O.'s powers to appoint
National Grand Masters General Xø are suspended for 31 days,
or until the convocation has met and reached a decision.
Such convocations may not be called more than once per year.
B. All notifications required by the above paragraph shall
be given by the Secretary General, or upon his or her
refusal or failure to act, such notice shall be given by any
Elector Ninth, who, for this purpose, shall have right of
access to the mailing addresses of all parties requiring
notification pursuant to this Section, notwithstanding any
provisions concerning security of addresses in these Bylaws.
All notifications shall be given by certified mail, or by
the best means possible.
C. Any other members of the international Sovereign
Sanctuary of the Gnosis of the IXø, and any National Grand
Masters General Xø, shall have the right to attend the
convocation as non-voting members.
D. Once the number of Elector Ninths has dropped to less
than six members, the Elector Ninths as a special category
of membership shall be dissolved automatically, and all
powers of removal and review shall transfer to the National
Grand Masters General of the Xø pursuant to Section 12.03.
E. In the event of the removal of the Acting O.H.O. by the
Elector Ninths, the Elector Ninths must elect a new Acting
O.H.O. within ninety-three (93) days.
F. In the absence of a de jure O.H.O., and in the absence of
at least five Xø, and should the Elector Ninths be
dissolved, then the Sovereign Sanctuary of the Gnosis IXø as
a whole shall convene within ninety-three (93) days to form
a new convocation of Elector Ninths, and hold a new election
for Acting O.H.O.

Article XIII
Execution of Instruments, Deposits, and Funds.

Section 13.01. Execution of Instruments.
The National Supreme Council, except as otherwise provided
in these Bylaws, may by resolution authorize any officer or
agent of the corporation to enter into any contract or
execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on
behalf of the O.T.O., and such authority may be general or
confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized, no
officer, agent, or employee shall have any power or
authority to bind the O.T.O. by any contract or engagement
or to pledge its credit or to render it liable pecuniarily
for any purpose or amount.

Section 13.02. Checks and Notes.
Except as otherwise specifically determined by resolution of
the National Supreme Council, as provided in Section 11.01,
or as otherwise required by law, checks, drafts, promissory
notes, orders for the payment of money, and other evidences
of indebtedness of the corporation shall be signed by the
Grand Treasurer General or, if the Grand Treasurer does not
sign, then by a specifically authorized Assistant Treasurer
if countersigned by one (1) other Director of the O.T.O.

Section 13.03. Deposits.
All funds of the O.T.O. shall be deposited from time to time
to the credit of the corporation in such banks, trust
companies, or other depositaries as the National Supreme
Council may elect.

Section 13.04. Gifts.
The National Supreme Council may accept on behalf of O.T.O.
any contribution, gift, bequest, or devise for the general
purposes or for any special purpose of the corporation.

Article XIV
Corporate Records, Reports, and Seal

Section 14.01. Minutes of Meetings.
A. The O.T.O. shall keep at its principal office, or at such
other place as the National Supreme Council may order, a
book of minutes of all meetings of Directors and of all
meetings of the Secret Areopagus, with the time and place of
holding, whether regular or special, and, if special, how
authorized, the notice give, the names of those present at
Director's meetings, the number of members present or
represented at meetings of the Secret Areopagus, and the
proceedings thereof.
B. Those Governing Bodies of the O.T.O. with an Assistant
Secretary appointed by the National Supreme Council shall
file minutes of the meetings of the Governing Body with the
Grand Secretary General.

Section 14.02. Books of Account.
The O.T.O. shall keep and maintain adequate and correct
accounts of its properties and business transactions,
including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts,
disbursements, gains and losses.

Section 14.03. Records Available to Assessor.
On request of an assessor appointed by the O.H.O., the
National Grand Master General, National Supreme Council, the
Secret Areopagus or by a proper order of a court of law in
cognizance of this corporation's First Amendment rights
under the U.S. Constitution, the O.T.O. shall make available
at its principal office in California or at a place mutually
acceptable to the assessor and the O.T.O. a true copy of its
business records relevant to the amount, cost, and value of
property, subject to local assessment, which it owns,
claims, possesses, or controls within the county.

Section 14.04. Inspection of Records.
A. The books of account shall at all reasonable times be
open to inspection by any Director. Every Director except as
provided in Section 2.13 of these Bylaws, shall have the
absolute right at any reasonable time to inspect all books,
records, documents of every kind, and the physical
properties of the corporation. Such inspection may be made
in person or by agent or attorney, and the right of
inspection includes the right to make written extracts or
photocopies.
B. This right of inspection specifically excludes material
of a religious nature, whether archival or otherwise, that
pertains to an Initiate class of membership not possessed by
the Director exercising his or her right of inspection under
this Section, in the sole judgment of the National Grand
Master General.

Section 14.05. Annual Report and Financial Statement.
The National Supreme Council may provide for the preparation
and submission to the members of a written annual report
including a financial statement. Such report, if required by
the National Supreme Council, shall summarize the
corporation's activities for the preceding year. The
financial statement shall consist of a balance sheet as of
the close of business of the O.T.O.'s fiscal year, contain a
summary of receipts and disbursements, be prepared in such
manner and form as is sanctioned by generally-accepted
accounting principles, and be certified by the Grand
Treasurer General. If authorized by the National Supreme
Council, the annual report may be submitted for review or
audit by a certified public accountant.

Section 14.06. Corporate Seal.
The National Supreme Council may adopt, use and at will,
alter, a corporate seal. Such seal, if adopted, may be
affixed to all corporate instruments, but failure to affix
it shall not affect the validity of any such instrument.

Article XV
Fiscal Year

Section 15.01. Fiscal Year.
The fiscal year of the O.T.O. shall begin on the first day
of March and end on the last day of February in each year.

Section 15.02. Annual Budget.
The National Supreme Council may from time to time direct
the Grand Treasurer General to prepare an annual budget for
the O.T.O.

Article XVI
Bylaws

Section 16.01. Effective Date of Bylaws.
These Bylaws shall become effective immediately on their
adoption. Amendments to these Bylaws shall become effective
immediately on their adoption unless the National Supreme
Council and the Secret Areopagus, in adopting them, provide
that they are to become effective at a later date.

Section 16.02. Amendment.
A. Subject to any provision of law applicable to the
amendment of Bylaws of non-profit religious corporations,
these Bylaws, or any of them, may be altered, amended, or
repealed and new Bylaws adopted as follows:
     i.   By the vote of at least a two-thirds majority of
Directors present or represented at any regular or special
meeting of Directors at which a quorum is present, provided
that written notice of such meeting and of the intention to
change the Bylaws thereat is delivered to each Director at
least fourteen (14) days prior to the date of such meeting,
as provided in Article VI of these Bylaws, or by the written
consent of all Directors without a meeting as also provided
in Article VI of these Bylaws; and
     ii.  By the vote or written assent of at least seventy-
five percent (75%) of the Secret Areopagus, at an annual or
special meeting of the Secret Areopagus, duly called and
noticed, at which a quorum as specified in Article XI
hereof, is present either in person or by proxy; and
     iii. Provided that any such amendments are duly
ratified by the Sovereign Sanctuary of the IXø, pursuant to
Section 5.06; and
     iv.  Provided that any such amendments are duly adopted
by a two-thirds vote of the National Supreme Council; and
     v.   Provided that such amendments have the final
approval of the O.H.O., who holds veto power over any
amendments to Bylaws.

Section 16.03. Certification and Inspection.
The original, or a conformed copy, of the Bylaws as amended
to date, certified by the Grand Secretary General of the
O.T.O., shall be recorded and kept in a book which shall be
kept in the principal office of the O.T.O., and such book
shall be open to inspection by the members at all reasonable
times during office hours.

Article XVII
Voting Shares Held by Corporation

Section 17.01.
The Grand Secretary General of this corporation, or in his
or her absence or on his or her refusal or inability to act,
such other officer as may be designated by resolution of the
National Supreme Council, shall have the power and authority
on behalf of this corporation to vote in person or by proxy
all shares of any corporation standing in the name of this
corporation and shall, on behalf of the O.T.O., at any
shareholders' meeting, subject to the instructions of the
National Supreme Council.

Article XVIII
Investments

Section 18.01. Investments.
The O.T.O. shall have the right to retain all or part of any
securities or property acquired by it in whatever manner,
and to invest and reinvest funds held by it, according to
the judgment of the National Supreme Council, without being
restricted to the class of investments which a trustee is or
may hereafter be permitted by law to make or any similar
restriction, provided, however, that no action shall be
taken by or on behalf of the corporation if such action is a
prohibited transaction under Sections 4941 through 4945 of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, or corresponding
provisions of any subsequent Federal tax laws.

Article XIX
Prohibition Against Sharing
Corporate Profits and Assets.

Section 19.01.
No member, Director, officer, employee, or other person
connected with this corporation, or any other private
individual, shall receive at any time any of the net
earnings or pecuniary profit from the operations of the
O.T.O., provided, that this provision shall not prevent
payment to any such person of reasonable compensation for
services rendered to or for the O.T.O. in effecting any of
its purposes as shall be fixed by resolutions of the
National Supreme Council; and no such person or persons
shall be entitled to share in the distribution of, and shall
not receive, any of the corporate assets on dissolution of
the O.T.O. All members of the corporation shall be deemed to
have expressly consented and agreed that on such dissolution
or winding up of the affairs of the corporation, whether
voluntary or involuntary, the assets of the corporation,
after all debts have been satisfied, then remaining in the
hands of the National Supreme Council shall be distributed
as required by the Articles of Incorporation of this
corporation and not otherwise.

Article XX
Distribution of Income and Prohibited Transactions.

Section 20.01.
A. Notwithstanding any other provision in these Bylaws, the
corporation shall be subject to the following limitations
and restrictions:
     i.   The O.T.O. shall distribute its income for each
taxable year at such time and in such manner as not to
become subject to the tax on undistributed income imposed by
Section 4942 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954.
     ii.  The O.T.O. shall not engage in any act of self-
dealing as defined in Section 4941(d) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1954.
     iii. The O.T.O. shall not retain any excess business
holdings as defined in Section 4943(c) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1954.
     iv.  The O.T.O. shall not make any investments in such
manners as to subject it to tax under Section 4944 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1954.
     v.   The O.T.O. shall not make any taxable expenditures
as defined in Section 4945(d) of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1954.

Article XXI
Construction

Section 21.01.
A. As used in these Bylaws:
     i.   The present tense includes the past and the future
tenses, and the future tense includes the present.
     ii.  The masculine gender includes the feminine and
neuter.
     iii. The singular number includes the plural, and the
plural includes the singular.
     iv.  The word ``shall'' is mandatory and the word
``may'' is permissive.
     v.   The words ``Directors'' and ``Board'' have the
meaning stated in Article VI of these Bylaws.

[End OTO Bylaws Part 4 of 4]

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